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The Geo-accumulation Index of Some Heavy Metals in the Roadsides Soils of Onitsha South Local Government Area Anambra State, Nigeria

Received: 11 February 2020     Accepted: 1 April 2020     Published: 15 May 2020
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Abstract

Heavy metals have a great ecological significance due to their toxicity and accumulative behaviour. Monitoring of their concentrations in the soils of our environment is very important. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) in 11 stations in Onitsha South Local Government Area, (i.e Modeebelu Avenue, Ozomagana, Zik Avenue, Port Harcourt Road, Oguta Road, Iweka Road, Venn Road, Niger Street, Creek /Okwaraji Moore Street and Bida Road) were analysed. The soil pollution status of the area was investigated by analyzing the concentration of eight heavy metals (Mn, Ni, Zn, Cd, Cr, Fe, Cu and Pb) using Atomic Absorption spectroscopy (AAS). From the geo-accumulation index (Igeo) results obtained were; Mn values were mainly in class 5 for wet season and class 4 in dry season, Ni fell within the range of classes 2-3 in both seasons, Zn was in the range of classes 1-2 while Cr fell within the ranges of class 4-5 for both seasons. Cu was mainly within the range of class 2-3 in both seasons, while Pb fell within class 0 (with the exception of few locations). The Fe geo-accumulation for all locations was within the class of 0. These results revealed that Fe, Cd and Pb did not pollute the area but were polluted by Mn, Cr, Zn and Ni at various levels in both seasons.

Published in Science Journal of Chemistry (Volume 8, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.11
Page(s) 42-47
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Geo-accumulation Index, Heavy Metals, Pollution, Onitsha South LGA

References
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[2] B. Dousova, F. Buzek, J. Rothwell, S. Krejcova and M. Lhotka. Adsorption behavior of arsenic relating to different natural solids: soils, stream sediments and peats. Science Total Environment. Sep 1 2012 [cited 2018 Jun 21]; 433: 456–61.
[3] M. Bhuiyan, M. A. Islam and S. B. Dampare. (2010). Evaluation of hazardous metals pollution in irrigation and drinking water systems in the vicinity of a coal mine area of north western Bangladesh. Journal of hazardous materials. 179 (1-3): 1065-77.
[4] G. Shi, Z. Chen, C. Bi, Y. Li, J. Teng, L. Wang, and S. Xu. (2010). Comprehensive assessment of toxic metals in urban and sub urban street depodited sediments (SDSs) in the biggest metropolis area of China. Environmental pollution 158; 764-771.
[5] Guo P, Xie ZL, Li J, Kang CL, Liu JH (2005) Relationships between fractionations of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni and soil properties in urban soils of Changchun, China. Chinese Geographical Science 15: 179-185.
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[7] J. O, Ejikeme, J. I. Igbokwe, E. C Igbokwe andI. C. Ezeomedo. (2014). The Revision of 1:50000 Topographic Map of Onitsha Metropolis, Anambra State, Nigeria Using Nigeriasat-1 imagery. International journal of Engineering and Management science 5 (4): 235-240.
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[10] Omuku, P. E (2011). Speciation patterns of selected heavy metals in the top soils of roadside gutters within twenty four major towns of Anambra State, Nigeria, pp. 105-133.
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[12] Amadi, A. N., Assessing the Effects of Aladimma Dumpsite on Soil and Groundwater Using Water Quality Index and Factor Analysis, Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci., 2011, no. 5 (11), pp. 763-770.
[13] Odero, D. R., Semu, E., and Kamau, G., Assessment of cottage industries-derived heavy metal pollution of soil within Ngara and Gikomba area of Nairobi city, Kenya, Afri. J. Sci. Technol., 2000, no. 1, pp. 52-62.
[14] Rayment, G. E., and Higginson, F. R., Australian Laboratory Handbook of soil and water chemical methods, Port Melbourne: Reed International books Australia P/L, trading as Inkata Press, 1992
[15] Linnik, P. M., and Zubenko, I. B., Role of bottom sediments in the secondary pollution of aquatic environments by heavy metal compounds, lakes and reservoirs. Res. Manage. 2000, no. 5, pp. 11-21.
[16] Campbell, L. M., Mercury in Lake Victoria (East Africa): Another emerging issue for a Beleaguered Lake? Ph.D. dissertation, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2001.
[17] Lwanga, M. S., Kansiime, F., Denny, P., and Scullion, J., Heavy metals in Lake George, Uganda with relation to metal concentrations in tissues of common fish specie, Hydrobiologia, 2003, no. 499, pp. 83-93.
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    Ochiagha K. E., Okoye P. A. C., Eboagu N. C. (2020). The Geo-accumulation Index of Some Heavy Metals in the Roadsides Soils of Onitsha South Local Government Area Anambra State, Nigeria. Science Journal of Chemistry, 8(3), 42-47. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.11

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    ACS Style

    Ochiagha K. E.; Okoye P. A. C.; Eboagu N. C. The Geo-accumulation Index of Some Heavy Metals in the Roadsides Soils of Onitsha South Local Government Area Anambra State, Nigeria. Sci. J. Chem. 2020, 8(3), 42-47. doi: 10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.11

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    AMA Style

    Ochiagha K. E., Okoye P. A. C., Eboagu N. C. The Geo-accumulation Index of Some Heavy Metals in the Roadsides Soils of Onitsha South Local Government Area Anambra State, Nigeria. Sci J Chem. 2020;8(3):42-47. doi: 10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.11,
      author = {Ochiagha K. E. and Okoye P. A. C. and Eboagu N. C.},
      title = {The Geo-accumulation Index of Some Heavy Metals in the Roadsides Soils of Onitsha South Local Government Area Anambra State, Nigeria},
      journal = {Science Journal of Chemistry},
      volume = {8},
      number = {3},
      pages = {42-47},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjc.20200803.11},
      abstract = {Heavy metals have a great ecological significance due to their toxicity and accumulative behaviour. Monitoring of their concentrations in the soils of our environment is very important. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) in 11 stations in Onitsha South Local Government Area, (i.e Modeebelu Avenue, Ozomagana, Zik Avenue, Port Harcourt Road, Oguta Road, Iweka Road, Venn Road, Niger Street, Creek /Okwaraji Moore Street and Bida Road) were analysed. The soil pollution status of the area was investigated by analyzing the concentration of eight heavy metals (Mn, Ni, Zn, Cd, Cr, Fe, Cu and Pb) using Atomic Absorption spectroscopy (AAS). From the geo-accumulation index (Igeo) results obtained were; Mn values were mainly in class 5 for wet season and class 4 in dry season, Ni fell within the range of classes 2-3 in both seasons, Zn was in the range of classes 1-2 while Cr fell within the ranges of class 4-5 for both seasons. Cu was mainly within the range of class 2-3 in both seasons, while Pb fell within class 0 (with the exception of few locations). The Fe geo-accumulation for all locations was within the class of 0. These results revealed that Fe, Cd and Pb did not pollute the area but were polluted by Mn, Cr, Zn and Ni at various levels in both seasons.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - The Geo-accumulation Index of Some Heavy Metals in the Roadsides Soils of Onitsha South Local Government Area Anambra State, Nigeria
    AU  - Ochiagha K. E.
    AU  - Okoye P. A. C.
    AU  - Eboagu N. C.
    Y1  - 2020/05/15
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.11
    T2  - Science Journal of Chemistry
    JF  - Science Journal of Chemistry
    JO  - Science Journal of Chemistry
    SP  - 42
    EP  - 47
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-099X
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20200803.11
    AB  - Heavy metals have a great ecological significance due to their toxicity and accumulative behaviour. Monitoring of their concentrations in the soils of our environment is very important. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) in 11 stations in Onitsha South Local Government Area, (i.e Modeebelu Avenue, Ozomagana, Zik Avenue, Port Harcourt Road, Oguta Road, Iweka Road, Venn Road, Niger Street, Creek /Okwaraji Moore Street and Bida Road) were analysed. The soil pollution status of the area was investigated by analyzing the concentration of eight heavy metals (Mn, Ni, Zn, Cd, Cr, Fe, Cu and Pb) using Atomic Absorption spectroscopy (AAS). From the geo-accumulation index (Igeo) results obtained were; Mn values were mainly in class 5 for wet season and class 4 in dry season, Ni fell within the range of classes 2-3 in both seasons, Zn was in the range of classes 1-2 while Cr fell within the ranges of class 4-5 for both seasons. Cu was mainly within the range of class 2-3 in both seasons, while Pb fell within class 0 (with the exception of few locations). The Fe geo-accumulation for all locations was within the class of 0. These results revealed that Fe, Cd and Pb did not pollute the area but were polluted by Mn, Cr, Zn and Ni at various levels in both seasons.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

  • Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

  • Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

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