| Peer-Reviewed

Water Vapour Permeability and Wet Rub Fastness of Finished Leathers - Effect of Acrylic Polymer Dispersion Formulations

Received: 7 January 2016     Accepted: 26 January 2016     Published: 5 April 2016
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

The water vapourpermeability and wet rub fastness of leathers finished with acrylic polymer based resin binder was carried out using the popular water vapour permeability cup method and the VESLIC test method respectively. Five formulations (125 g, 150 g, 175 g, 200 g and 250 g) of the binder which was the factor varied in this experiment, was prepared and then was applied on the originally retanned leathers from which five samples was generated. The effect of the finish formulations on water vapour permeability and wet rub fastness of the originally retanned leathers were investigated. Water vapour permeability test was also carried out for the unfinished (originally retanned) leathers as control samples. The results indicated that the water vapour permeability of the finished leather samples was significantly lower when compared to that of the unfinished (control) leather samples. However, for the finished leather samples, water vapour permeability increases as the quantity of the binder varied in this experiment was increased. The result of the VESLIC test indicated the resistance of the finished leather samples improves as the quantity of the binder varied in this experiment was increased. The overall results showed that the formulations containing the 200 g and 250 g of the acrylic polymer binder are good for leather finishing applications where suitable water vapour permeability and excellent rub fastness are both required.

Published in Science Journal of Chemistry (Volume 4, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.sjc.20160402.11
Page(s) 14-18
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Water Vapour Permeability, Wet Rub Fastness, Finished Leathers, Acrylic Polymer Dispersion

References
[1] A. K. Campbell and C. Y. Choi – SB acrylic technology, closing the performance gap, Journal of American Leather Chemists Association, vol. pp17-20, 1997.
[2] Chan, W. C., and Chen, S. A (1988); Polyurethane Ionomers: Effect of emulsion on properties of hexamethylenediisocyanate-based polyether polyurethane cationnomers, polymer, 29: 1995-2001.
[3] Martin, M., Michael, S., Claus, K., and Eberhard, J (2000); Recent development in aqueous two component polyurethane coatings, Prog. Org. Coat., 40: 99-109.
[4] Biemond, G. J. E., Braspenning, K., and Gaymans, R. J (2008); Polyurethanes with monodisperse rigid segments based on a diamine-diamine chain extender, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 107: 2180-2189.
[5] Wu, L. M., You, B., and Li, D. J (2002); Synthesis and Characterisation of urethane/acrylate composite latex, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 84: 1620-1628.
[6] Zhang, H. T., Guan, R., Yin, Z. H., and Lin, L. L (2001). Soap-free seeded emulsion copolymerization of MMA onto PU-A and their properties, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 82: 941-947.
[7] Shi, Y. C., Wu, Y. S., and Zhu, Z. Q (2003); Modification of aqueous acrylic-polyurethane via epoxy resin post crosslinking, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 88: 470-475.
[8] Barrere, M., and Landfester, K (2003); High molecular weight polyurethane and polymer hybrid particles in aqueous miniemulsion, Macromolecules, 36: 5119-5125.
[9] Anzlover, A., and Zigon, M (2005); semi-interpenetrating polymer networks with varying mass ratios of functional urethane and methacrylate prepolymers, Acta. Chem. Slov. 52: 230-237.
[10] Richard, R. E., Schwarz, M., Ranade, S., Chan, A. K., Matyjaszewski, K., and Sumerlin, B (2005); Evaluation of acrylate-based block copolymers prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization as matrices for paclitaxel delivery from coronary stents, Biomacromolecules, Vol. 6 No. 6. 3410-8.
[11] H. J. Kellert - Journal of Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, vol. 88, p 63, 2004. In T. Keyong, W. Fang, W; L. Jie, J. Pengxiang, and L. Jingling, - Water vapour permeability of leathers by grey system theory, Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci., vol. 33, pp 373-382, 2013.
[12] S. kyoji, - Asian International Symposium on Leather Science and Technology, Jinan, p181, 2000. In T. Keyong, W. Fang, W; L. Jie, J. Pengxiang, and L. Jingling, - Water vapour permeability of leathers by grey system theory, Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci., vol. 33, pp 373-382, 2013.
[13] E. Marcinkowska, and W. Ewa, - Journal of the American Leather and Chemists Association, vol 95: p341, 2000. In T. Keyong, W. Fang, W; L. Jie, J. Pengxiang, and L. Jingling, - Water vapour permeability of leathers by grey system theory, Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci., vol. 33, pp 373-382, 2013.
[14] E. Marcinkowska, and W. Ewa - Journal of the American Leather and Chemists Association, vol 96, p94, 2001. In T. Keyong, W. Fang, W; L. Jie, J. Pengxiang, and L. Jingling, - Water vapour permeability of leathers by grey system theory, Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci., vol. 33, pp 373-382, 2013.
[15] T. Keyong, W. Fang, W; L. Jie, J. Pengxiang, and L. Jingling, - Water vapour permeability of leathers by grey system theory, Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci., vol. 33, pp 373-382, 2013.
[16] K. Y. Tang, F. Wang, J. Liu, and W. Fan, - Study on the water vapour permeability of leathers, China Leatther, vol. 31, No. 7, p17, 2002.
[17] T. Bosch, A. M. Manich and R. Palop – Journal of the Society of leather Technol, Chem. Vol. 83, p 243, 1999. In T. Keyong, W. Fang, W; L. Jie, J. Pengxiang, and L. Jingling, - Water vapour permeability of leathers by grey system theory, Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci., vol. 33, pp 373-382, 2013.
[18] Fan, H. J and Shi, B (2001); The synthesis of cationic acrylic resin for water-based leather finish, Chemistry, 11: 722-726.
[19] Williams-Wynn, D. A. (1969); Factors affecting finish fastness, proceedings of the society of leather traders chemists, South African section, Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, 53: 49.
[20] V. Jankauskaite, A. Gulbiniene, I. Jiyembetova, J. Sirvaityte, V. Urbelis, K. Mickus – Comparable Evaluation of Leather waterproofing Behaviour upon Hide Quality. II. Influence of Finishing on Leather Properties, Materials Science, Vol.20, No. 2, p165, 2014.
[21] Alexander, K. C and Chol-Yoo, C (1997); SB Acrylic technology: closing the performance gap, Journal of American Leather Chemists Association, 92: 17-20.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Michael Ifeanyichukwu Ugbaja, Amali Ejila, Paul Andrew Mamza, Isaac Ndubuisi Mbada. (2016). Water Vapour Permeability and Wet Rub Fastness of Finished Leathers - Effect of Acrylic Polymer Dispersion Formulations. Science Journal of Chemistry, 4(2), 14-18. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20160402.11

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Michael Ifeanyichukwu Ugbaja; Amali Ejila; Paul Andrew Mamza; Isaac Ndubuisi Mbada. Water Vapour Permeability and Wet Rub Fastness of Finished Leathers - Effect of Acrylic Polymer Dispersion Formulations. Sci. J. Chem. 2016, 4(2), 14-18. doi: 10.11648/j.sjc.20160402.11

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Michael Ifeanyichukwu Ugbaja, Amali Ejila, Paul Andrew Mamza, Isaac Ndubuisi Mbada. Water Vapour Permeability and Wet Rub Fastness of Finished Leathers - Effect of Acrylic Polymer Dispersion Formulations. Sci J Chem. 2016;4(2):14-18. doi: 10.11648/j.sjc.20160402.11

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.sjc.20160402.11,
      author = {Michael Ifeanyichukwu Ugbaja and Amali Ejila and Paul Andrew Mamza and Isaac Ndubuisi Mbada},
      title = {Water Vapour Permeability and Wet Rub Fastness of Finished Leathers - Effect of Acrylic Polymer Dispersion Formulations},
      journal = {Science Journal of Chemistry},
      volume = {4},
      number = {2},
      pages = {14-18},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjc.20160402.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20160402.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjc.20160402.11},
      abstract = {The water vapourpermeability and wet rub fastness of leathers finished with acrylic polymer based resin binder was carried out using the popular water vapour permeability cup method and the VESLIC test method respectively. Five formulations (125 g, 150 g, 175 g, 200 g and 250 g) of the binder which was the factor varied in this experiment, was prepared and then was applied on the originally retanned leathers from which five samples was generated. The effect of the finish formulations on water vapour permeability and wet rub fastness of the originally retanned leathers were investigated. Water vapour permeability test was also carried out for the unfinished (originally retanned) leathers as control samples. The results indicated that the water vapour permeability of the finished leather samples was significantly lower when compared to that of the unfinished (control) leather samples. However, for the finished leather samples, water vapour permeability increases as the quantity of the binder varied in this experiment was increased. The result of the VESLIC test indicated the resistance of the finished leather samples improves as the quantity of the binder varied in this experiment was increased. The overall results showed that the formulations containing the 200 g and 250 g of the acrylic polymer binder are good for leather finishing applications where suitable water vapour permeability and excellent rub fastness are both required.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Water Vapour Permeability and Wet Rub Fastness of Finished Leathers - Effect of Acrylic Polymer Dispersion Formulations
    AU  - Michael Ifeanyichukwu Ugbaja
    AU  - Amali Ejila
    AU  - Paul Andrew Mamza
    AU  - Isaac Ndubuisi Mbada
    Y1  - 2016/04/05
    PY  - 2016
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20160402.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjc.20160402.11
    T2  - Science Journal of Chemistry
    JF  - Science Journal of Chemistry
    JO  - Science Journal of Chemistry
    SP  - 14
    EP  - 18
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-099X
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20160402.11
    AB  - The water vapourpermeability and wet rub fastness of leathers finished with acrylic polymer based resin binder was carried out using the popular water vapour permeability cup method and the VESLIC test method respectively. Five formulations (125 g, 150 g, 175 g, 200 g and 250 g) of the binder which was the factor varied in this experiment, was prepared and then was applied on the originally retanned leathers from which five samples was generated. The effect of the finish formulations on water vapour permeability and wet rub fastness of the originally retanned leathers were investigated. Water vapour permeability test was also carried out for the unfinished (originally retanned) leathers as control samples. The results indicated that the water vapour permeability of the finished leather samples was significantly lower when compared to that of the unfinished (control) leather samples. However, for the finished leather samples, water vapour permeability increases as the quantity of the binder varied in this experiment was increased. The result of the VESLIC test indicated the resistance of the finished leather samples improves as the quantity of the binder varied in this experiment was increased. The overall results showed that the formulations containing the 200 g and 250 g of the acrylic polymer binder are good for leather finishing applications where suitable water vapour permeability and excellent rub fastness are both required.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Polymer Technology, Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria

  • Directorate of Research and Development, Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria

  • Nigerian Institute of Transport Technology (NITT), Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria

  • Sections